Dulce et Decorum Est

Octet for Mezzo Soprano, Baritone, Bass, and Chamber Ensemble

Dulce et Decorum Est on Millennial Masters, vol. 9

2021 Winner of The American Prize Ernst Bacon Memorial Award for the Performance of American Music, 2nd Place

2020 Winner of The American Prize in Vocal Chamber Music Composition, 2nd Place

Jon Noworyta - Conductor
Rebecca Printz - Mezzo-Soprano
Stephen Michael Hanna - Baritone
Michael Hyatt - Bass
Leia Carter - Clarinet
Hyeongkeon Kim - Piano
Nayoung Kim - Violin
Dominic Mileti - Viola
Phillip Goist - Violoncello

Libretto by Martin Hebel. Source texts by Carl Sandburg, Vera Mary Brittain, and Wilfred Owen.

This recording of Dulce et Decorum Est is on international release by ABLAZE Records as part of their Millennial Masters series, vol.9. Find this album for purchase and streaming worldwide on Naxos, Spotify, Apple Music, and many other sources.

Recorded live on April 19, 2018 in Werner Recital Hall at the University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music.
Broadcast Premiere: Classical Discoveries, WPRB Princeton University, December 2019.



Program Notes

Dulce et Decorum Est dramatizes the horrors of war by setting three WWI poems to music, not as a depiction of that specific conflict but as a study of the universal terror these verses portray.

These haunting poems recount tragic experiences of war as familiar today as when penned a century ago. Sandburg’s eloquently blunt Iron visualizes war’s inhuman machinery and its brutal consequences. Owen’s bitter Dulce et Decorum Est brings gruesome suffering vividly to life. Brittain’s Roundel mourns devastating personal loss abjectly yet unsentimentally. Intertwining these texts seeks to create a unified narrative in which each poem enhances the other’s vision and impact.

Lyrical vocal lines woven through a dissonant texture represent the poetic protagonists’ humanity amid war’s inhumanity, a juxtaposition reinforced by three additional composition techniques. First, limiting melodic and harmonic movement to only half or whole steps where possible creates detailed counterpoint with limited motion suggesting the trudging of Owen’s weary soldiers and the futility of war. Second, recurring tone clusters mirror the crashing sound of bombs and shells echoing across a battlefield. Third, composing the work without major triads establishes an unsettling atmosphere. These principles allow Dulce et Decorum Est to explore war’s destructive human impact in musical terms.

12 minutes | 2018

Libretto by Martin Hebel.
Source texts by Carl Sandburg, Vera Mary Brittain, and Wilfred Owen.
Languages: English, Latin


Libretto

Guns,
Long, steel guns,
Pointed from the war ships
[Guns] In the name of the war god.

Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,
Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,
Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs
And towards our distant rest began to trudge.

Guns,
Pointed from the war ships [Guns]
Straight, shining, polished guns,
Clambered over with jackies in white blouses, [Guns]
Glory of tan faces, [Guns] tousled hair, [Guns] white teeth,
Laughing lithe jackies in white blouses,
Sitting on the guns singing war songs, war chanties.

Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots
But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind;
Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
Of tired, outstripped Five-Nines that dropped behind.

Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! — An ecstasy of fumbling,
Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time;
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling
And flound’ring like a man in fire or lime...
Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light,
As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.

In all my dreams, before my helpless sight,
He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.

Because you died, I shall not rest again,
But wander ever through the lone world wide,
Seeking the shadow of a dream grown vain
Because you died.

Shovels,
Broad, iron shovels,
Scooping out oblong vaults,
[Guns!] Loosening turf and leveling sod.

If in some smothering dreams you too could pace
Behind the wagon that we flung him in,
And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,
His hanging face, like a devil’s sick of sin;
If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood
Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,
Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud
Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues, —

Disillusion's slow corroding stain
Will creep upon each quest but newly tried,
For every striving now shall nothing gain
Because you died.

Guns,
Long, steel guns,
I ask you
To witness—
The shovel is brother to the gun.

My friend, you would not tell with such high zest
To children ardent for some desperate glory,
The old Lie: Dulce et decorum est
Pro patria mori.

Martin Hebel
Written 2018